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2017 GRANTEE: Hema Adhikari, PhD
Duke University
Research Project: Elucidating the Role of KRAS Specificity Determinants in Pancreatic Cancer
Award: 2017 Richard Cianfaglione – Pancreatic Cancer Action Network – NCI, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research KRAS Fellowship
Award Period: July 1, 2017 – June 30, 2019
Amount: $100,000
Biographical Highlights
Dr. Adhikari obtained her PhD in 2015 from State University of New York at Buffalo under the supervision of Dr. Paul Cullen. In her doctoral studies, Dr. Adhikari identified and connected new signaling pathways that cause cells to behave in certain ways. During the course of her graduate work, Dr. Adhikari became interested in understanding the molecular mechanisms involved in regulating signal transduction pathways in cancer biology that lead to tumorigenesis.
Dr. Adhikari expanded her postdoctoral research in cancer biology in the Duke University laboratory of Dr. Christopher Counter, a leader in RAS tumorigenesis research. A RAS family member, KRAS is the most frequently mutated protein in pancreatic cancer. Dr. Adhikari’s work focuses on deciphering and studying the unique regulatory network of proteins that associate with RAS GTPases and its implication on pancreatic cancer. On identification of novel regulators of RAS GTPases from the proposed study, Dr. Adhikari aims to identify novel therapeutic vulnerabilities in pancreatic cancer.
Project Overview
KRAS is the most frequently mutated protein in pancreatic cancer – in fact, 95 percent of pancreatic cancer cases harbor mutant KRAS. Despite decades of extensive effort, researchers have not devised a way to inhibit the activity of KRAS or other RAS protein family members as a cancer treatment. Interestingly, the other RAS family members, HRAS and NRAS, are absent from pancreatic cancer cells.
Dr. Adhikari proposes to capitalize on this information and focus her efforts on proteins that interact directly with KRAS – and not HRAS or NRAS – and determine if their activity can be blocked as a surrogate for inhibiting KRAS directly. Specifically, she will assess KRAS-specific enzymes (a special type of protein whose activity may be especially “druggable”) and determine their effect on KRAS-mediated signaling.
Next, Dr. Adhikari will look even more closely at certain mutations of KRAS that are prevalent in pancreatic cancer cells. Although there are many different types of cancer-causing mutations in KRAS observed in human cancer, about 80 percent of pancreatic cancer cases have KRAS mutations known as G12D or G12V. Again, Dr. Adhikari will zero in her efforts on proteins that interact with these mutations of KRAS, and not with other cancer-causing KRAS mutations or other RAS family members. These approaches closely align with the National Cancer Institute (NCI) RAS Initiative to identify druggable candidates that regulate KRAS signaling and that could develop as new therapeutic targets for the treatment of pancreatic cancer.
